Stores

Terms of service

1. Introduction

This Terms of Service, the Privacy Policy and all policies posted on our site set out the terms on which Daapia Empire offers you access to and use of our site, services, applications and tools (collectively “Services”). You can find our policies here: privacy policy, return and refund policy, cancellation policy, shipping policy, selling policy, buying policy, buyer protection. All policies, and the Privacy Policy, are incorporated into this Terms of Service. You agree to comply with all the above when accessing or using our Services.

The entity you are contracting with is Daapia Empire. In this User Agreement, Daapia Empire is referred to as “Daapia Empire,” “we,” “us,” or “our.

Please be advised that this Terms of Service contains provisions that govern how claims you and we have against each other are resolved (see Disclaimer of Warranties; Limitation of Liability and Legal Disputes provisions below). It also contains an Agreement to Arbitrate, which will, with limited exception, require you to submit claims you have against us to binding and final arbitration, unless you opt out of the Agreement to Arbitrate (see Legal Disputes, Section (b) (“Agreement to Arbitrate”)). Unless you opt out: (1) you will only be permitted to pursue claims against us on an individual basis, not as a plaintiff or class member in any class or representative action or proceeding and (2) you will only be permitted to seek relief (including monetary, injunctive, and declaratory relief) on an individual basis.

2. About daapia.com

daapia.com is a marketplace, owned and operated by Daapia Empire, that allows users to offer, sell and buy just about anything in a variety of pricing formats and locations. The actual contract for sale is directly between the seller and the buyer. Daapia.com is not a traditional auctioneer.

While we may provide pricing, shipping, listing, and other guidance in our Services, such guidance is solely informational and you may decide to follow it or not. Also, while we may help facilitate the resolution of disputes through various programs, daapia.com has no control over and does not guarantee the existence, quality, safety or legality of items advertised; the truth or accuracy of users’ content or listings; the ability of sellers to sell items; the ability of buyers to pay for items; or that a buyer or seller will actually complete a transaction or return an item.

3. Using daapia.com

In connection with using or accessing the Services you will not:

  • Breach or circumvent any laws, third party rights or our systems, policies, or determinations of your account status;
  • Use our Services if you are not able to form legally binding contracts (for example if you are under 18) in your jurisdiction, or are temporarily or indefinitely suspended from using our Services;
  • Manipulate the price of any item through any means other than that provided by daapia.com, or interfere with any other user’s listings;
  • Fail to pay for items you purchase, unless you have a valid reason as set out in a daapia.com policy, for example, the seller has materially changed the item’s description after you ordered, a clear typographical error is made, or you cannot contact the seller;
  • Post, list or upload content or items in inappropriate categories or areas on our sites;
  • Fail to deliver items sold by you, unless you have a valid reason as set out in a daapia.com policy, for example, the buyer fails to follow the posted terms or you cannot contact the buyer;
  • Post false, inaccurate, misleading, defamatory, or libelous content;
  • Take any action that may undermine the feedback or ratings systems;
  • Transfer your daapia.com account (including Feedback) and user ID to another party without a written consent from us;
  • Distribute or post spam, unsolicited or bulk electronic communications, chain letters, or pyramid schemes;
  • Distribute viruses or any other technologies that may harm daapia.com, or the interests or property of users;
  • Use any robot, spider, scraper or other automated means to access our Services for any purpose;
  • Bypass our robot exclusion headers, interfere with the working of our Services, or impose an unreasonable or disproportionately large load on our infrastructure;
  • Export or re-export any daapia.com application or tool except in compliance with the export control laws of any relevant jurisdictions and in accordance with posted rules and restrictions;
  • Reproduce, perform, display, distribute, reverse engineer, or prepare derivative works from content that belongs to or is licensed to Daapia Empire, or that comes from the Services and belongs to another daapia.com user or to a third party including works covered by any copyrights, trademark, patent, or other intellectual property right, except with prior express permission of Daapia Empire and/or any other party holding the right to license such use;
  • Commercialize any daapia.com application or any information or software associated with such application;
  • Harvest or otherwise collect information about users without their consent; or
  • Circumvent any technical measures we use to provide the Services.
  • Post contents from any of these categories:
    • adult content and child pornography;
    • guns, ammunitions, other weapons and weapon parts;
    • drugs and narcotics, medicines, and substances designed to mimic illegal drugs;
    • dating;
    • goods or services prohibited by Ghana laws;
    • goods or services prohibited by the laws of your jurisdiction;
    • deceptive, unfair or predatory products;
    • products that infringe on the intellectual property rights, copyright, trademark or trade secrets of any third party;
    • counterfeit products;
    • brand or reputational damaging products;
    • occult and psychics products/services;
    • ponzi and pyramid schemes.

If we believe or discover that you are abusing daapia.com in any of the ways mentioned above or otherwise, we may, in our sole discretion, take any steps to prevent and mitigate such abuse such as limiting, suspending, or terminating your user account(s) and access to our Services, delaying or removing hosted content, removing any special status associated with your account(s), reducing or eliminating any discounts, and taking technical and/or legal steps to prevent you from using our Services.

4. Accounts

An individual or a business can have only one seller account or only one customer account. However, an individual may have one seller account and one customer account if they want to separate their personal activities from their business activities on daapia.com. Note that a customer account cannot be used for selling on daapia.com.

We may cancel unconfirmed accounts or accounts that have been inactive for more than one year or modify or discontinue our Services for those accounts. Additionally, we reserve the right to refuse or terminate our Services to anyone for any reason at our discretion.

5. Fees

Buyers will use our Services for free. Only sellers are required to pay fees. Buyers will, however, pay sellers if they buy products/services from the sellers.

The fees sellers pay for using our Services are listed on our membership plans page. We may change our membership fees from time to time by posting the changes on daapia.com 14 days in advance, but with no advance notice required for temporary promotions. We may also change our pricing model, for example, to commission per sale instead of monthly subscription, at any time at our discretion by posting the changes on daapia.com 14 days in advance. In the event of a change in pricing model, all existing subscriptions will ran their full course. The new pricing model will be applied to new or renewing subscriptions.

You must have a payment method on file when selling on daapia.com, or put one on file before you next sell, and pay all fees and applicable taxes associated with our Services by the payment due date. If your payment method fails or your account is past due, we may collect fees owed using other collection mechanisms. (This includes charging other payment methods on file with us, retaining collection agencies and legal counsel, and, deducting the amount owed from your payment account balance.) In addition, you will be subject to late fees. Daapia Empire, or the collection agencies we retain, may also report information about your account to credit bureaus, and as a result, late payments, missed payments, or other defaults on your account may be reflected in your credit report. If you wish to dispute the information Daapia Empire reported to a credit bureau, please contact us on daapia.com. If you wish to dispute the information a collection agency reported to a credit bureau regarding your daapia.com account, you must contact the collection agency directly.

6. Buying Conditions

When buying on daapia.com, you agree that:

  • You are responsible for reading the full item listing and all policies before making the purchase.
  • You enter into a legally binding contract to purchase an item when you commit to buy an item.
  • For motor vehicles and real estate, a bid or offer initiates a non-binding transaction representing a buyer’s serious expression of interest in buying the seller’s item and does not create a formal contract between the buyer and the seller.
  • We do not transfer legal ownership of items from the seller to the buyer.

7. Selling Conditions

When selling on daapia.com, you agree that:

  • You are responsible for the accuracy and content of the listing and item offered.
  • Your listing may not be immediately searchable by keyword or category for several hours (up to 24 hours in some circumstances). We can’t guarantee exact listing availability durations on daapia.com.
  • Content that violates any of daapia.com’s policies may be deleted at our discretion.

8. International Buying and Selling

Many of our Services are accessible to international sellers and buyers. We may offer certain programs, tools, and site experiences of particular interest to international sellers and buyers, such as estimated local currency conversion and international shipping calculation tools. Sellers and buyers are responsible for complying with all laws and regulations applicable to the international sale, purchase, and shipment of items.

9. Policy Enforcement

When a buyer or seller issue arises, we may consider the user’s performance history and the specific circumstances in applying our policies. We may choose to be more lenient with policy enforcement in an effort to do the right thing for both buyers and sellers.

10. Holds

To protect buyers, Daapia Empire will hold seller’s funds until the seller has received their order and confirmed that it is accurate and intact, or until the return and refund period is over.

11. Content

When providing us with content or causing content to be posted using our Services, you grant us a non-exclusive, worldwide, perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free, sublicensable (through multiple tiers) right to exercise any and all copyright, publicity, trademarks, database rights and other intellectual property rights you have in the content, in any media known now or developed in the future. Further, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, you waive your moral rights and promise not to assert such rights or any other intellectual property or publicity rights against us, our sublicensees, or our assignees.

You represent and warrant that none of the following infringe any rights mentioned in the preceding paragraph: your provision of content to us, your causing content to be posted using the Services, and use of any such content (including of works derived from it) by us, our users, or others in contract with us that is done in connection with the Services and in compliance with this Terms of Service.

We may offer catalogs including stock images, descriptions and product specifications that are provided by third-parties (including users). You may use catalog content solely in connection with your daapia.com listings. That permission is subject to modification or revocation at any time at our sole discretion.

While we try to offer reliable data, we cannot promise that the catalogs will always be accurate and up-to-date, and you agree that you will not hold our catalog providers or us responsible for inaccuracies in the catalogs. The catalog may include copyrighted, trademarked or other proprietary materials. You agree not to remove any copyright, proprietary or identification markings included within the catalogs or create any derivative works based on catalog content (other than by including them in your listings).

12. Authorization to Contact You; Recording Calls

You agree to receive calls, including autodialed and/or pre-recorded message calls, from Daapia Empire at any of the telephone numbers (including mobile telephone numbers) that we have collected from you as authorized and described in our Privacy Policy, including telephone numbers you have provided us, or that we have obtained from third parties or collected by our own efforts. If the telephone number that we have collected is a mobile telephone number, you consent to receive SMS or other text messages at that number. Standard telephone minute and text charges may apply if we contact you at a mobile number or device. You agree we may contact you in the manner described above at the telephone numbers we have in our records for these purposes:

  • To contact you for reasons relating to your account or your use of our Services (such as to collect a debt, resolve a dispute, or to otherwise enforce our Terms of Service) or as authorized by applicable law;
  • To contact you for marketing, promotional, or other reasons that you have either previously consented to or that you may be asked to consent to in the future. If you do not wish to receive such communications.
  • We may share your telephone numbers with our service providers (such as billing or collections companies) who we have contracted with to assist us in pursuing our rights or performing our obligations under the Terms of Service, our policies, or any other agreement we may have with you. These service providers may also contact you using autodialed or prerecorded messages calls and/or SMS or other text messages, only as authorized by us to carry out the purposes we have identified above, and not for their own purposes.
  • We will not share your telephone number with non-affiliated third parties for their purposes without your explicit consent.
  • Daapia Empire may, without further notice or warning and in its discretion, monitor or record telephone conversations you or anyone acting on your behalf has with us or our agents for quality control and training purposes or for our own protection. You acknowledge and understand that, while your communications with Daapia Empire may be overheard, monitored, or recorded without further notice or warning, not all telephone lines or calls may be recorded by us, and we do not guarantee that recordings of any particular telephone calls will be retained or retrievable.

13. Additional Terms

(a) Returns and refunds

Daapia Empire allows returns from buyers. The cost of return shipping for an item that is not as described is the seller’s responsibility. If refunds are required, the refund cost (including shipping and applicable fees) will be handled as spelt out in our Return and refund policy. You authorize Daapia Empire to remove the refund amount from payments due you.

(b) Global Shipping

We may make your daapia.com listings available to international buyers on daapia.com and on our International Sites. Unless otherwise agreed with the seller, the buyer will be responsible for all processing and custom clearance fees in the destination country. You remain liable for the accuracy of information you provide about items, and you agree to provide timely responses to requests for additional information. You are subject to the privacy policies of those companies you choose to handle your shipping.

14. Disclaimer of Warranties; Limitation of Liability

We try to keep our Services safe, secure, and functioning properly, but we cannot guarantee the continuous operation of or access to our Services. Bid update and other notification functionality in daapia.com’s applications may not occur in real time. Such functionality is subject to delays beyond our control.

You agree that you are making use of our Services at your own risk, and that they are being provided to you on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis. Accordingly, to the extent permitted by applicable law, we exclude all express or implied warranties, terms and conditions including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and non-infringement.

In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law, we (including our parent, subsidiaries, and affiliates, and our and their officers, directors, agents and employees) are not liable, and you agree not to hold us responsible, for any damages or losses (including, but not limited to, loss of money, goodwill or reputation, profits, or other intangible losses or any special, indirect, or consequential damages) resulting directly or indirectly from:

  • your use of or your inability to use our Services;
  • pricing, shipping or other guidance provided by Daapia Empire;
  • delays or disruptions in our Services;
  • viruses or other malicious software obtained by accessing, or linking to, our Services;
  • glitches, bugs, errors, or inaccuracies of any kind in our Services;
  • damage to your hardware device from the use of any of our Services;
  • the content, actions, or inactions of third parties, including items listed using our Services or the destruction of allegedly fake items;
  • a suspension or other action taken with respect to your account or breach of our Terms of Service;
  • the duration or manner in which your listings appear in search results as set out in the Selling Conditions Section above; or
  • your need to modify practices, content, or behavior or your loss of or inability to do business, as a result of changes to this Terms of Service or our policies.

Some jurisdictions do not allow the disclaimer of warranties or exclusion of damages, so such disclaimers and exclusions may not apply to you.

If you have a dispute with one or more users, you release us (and our affiliates and subsidiaries, and our and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents) from claims, demands and damages (actual and consequential) of every kind and nature, known and unknown, arising out of or in any way connected with such disputes. In entering into this release, you expressly waive any protections (whether statutory or otherwise) that would otherwise limit the coverage of this release to include only those claims which you may know or suspect to exist in your favour at the time of agreeing to this release.

15. Indemnity

You will indemnify and hold us (and our affiliates and subsidiaries, and our and their respective officers, directors, employees, agents) harmless from any claim or demand, including reasonable legal fees, made by any third party due to or arising out of your breach of this Agreement, your improper use of our Services or your breach of any law or the rights of a third party.

16. Legal Disputes

Please read this section carefully. It affects your rights and will have a substantial impact on how claims you and Daapia Empire have against each other are resolved.

You and Daapia Empire agree that any claim or dispute at law or equity that has arisen or may arise between us relating in any way to or arising out of this or previous versions of our Terms of Service, your use of or access to the Services, or any products or services sold or purchased through the Services will be resolved in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Legal Disputes Section.

(a) Applicable Law

You agree that the laws of Ghana, without regard to principles of conflict of laws, will govern the Terms of Service and any claim or dispute that has arisen or may arise between you and Daapia Empire, except as otherwise stated in the Terms of Service.

(b) Agreement to Arbitrate

You and Daapia Empire each agree that any and all disputes or claims that have arisen or may arise between you and Daapia Empire relating in any way to or arising out of this or previous versions of the Terms of Service, your use of or access to our Services, or any products or services sold, offered, or purchased through our Services shall be resolved exclusively through final and binding arbitration, rather than in court, except that you may assert claims in small claims court, if your claims qualify and so long as the matter remains in such court and advances only on an individual (non-class, non-representative) basis. The Alternative Dispute Resolution Act 2010, Act 798 governs the interpretation and enforcement of this Agreement to Arbitrate.

(i) Prohibition of Class and Representative Actions and Non-Individualized Relief

You and Daapia Empire agree that each of us may bring claims against the other only on an individual basis and not as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class or representative action or proceeding. Unless both you and Daapia Empire agree otherwise, the arbitrator may not consolidate or join more than one person’s or party’s claims, and may not otherwise preside over any form of a consolidated, representative, or class proceeding. Also, the arbitrator may award relief (including monetary, injunctive, and declaratory relief) only in favor of the individual party seeking relief and only to the extent necessary to provide relief necessitated by that party’s individual claim(s). Any relief awarded cannot affect other users.

(ii) Arbitration Procedures

Arbitration is more informal than a lawsuit in court. Arbitration uses a neutral arbitrator instead of a judge or jury, and court review of an arbitration award is very limited. However, an arbitrator can award the same damages and relief on an individual basis that a court can award to an individual. An arbitrator should apply the terms of the Terms of Service as a court would. All issues are for the arbitrator to decide, except that issues relating to arbitrability, the scope or enforceability of this Agreement to Arbitrate, or the interpretation of Section (i) of this Agreement to Arbitrate (“Prohibition of Class and Representative Actions and Non-Individualized Relief”), shall be for a court of competent jurisdiction to decide.

The arbitration will be conducted by the Ghana Arbitration Centre (“GAC”) under its rules and procedures. The use of the word “arbitrator” herein shall not be construed to prohibit more than one arbitrator from presiding over an arbitration, rather the GAC’s rules will govern the number of arbitrators that may preside over an arbitration conducted under this Agreement to Arbitrate.

A party who intends to seek arbitration must first send to the other, by certified mail, a completed form Notice of Dispute (“Notice”). The Notice to Daapia Empire should be sent to Daapia Empire, H/NO. 196 BLK. C, Napogbakole Ext. Residential Area, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana. Daapia Empire will send any Notice to you to the physical address we have on file associated with your daapia.com account; it is your responsibility to keep your physical address up to date. The Notice must include a description of the nature and basis of the claims the party is asserting and the relief sought.

If you and Daapia Empire are unable to resolve the claims described in the Notice within 30 days after the Notice is sent, you or Daapia Empire may initiate arbitration proceedings. In addition to filing a form with the GAC in accordance with its rules and procedures, the party initiating the arbitration must mail a copy of the completed form to the opposing party. You may send a copy to Daapia Empire at the following address: Daapia Empire, H/NO. 196 BLK. C, Napogbakole Ext. Residential Area, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana. In the event Daapia Empire initiates an arbitration against you, it will send a copy of the completed form to the physical address we have on file associated with your daapia.com account. Any settlement offer made by you or Daapia Empire shall not be disclosed to the arbitrator.

The arbitration shall be held in the region in which you reside or at another mutually agreed location. If the value of the relief sought is GH¢1,000 or less, you or Daapia Empire may elect to have the arbitration conducted by telephone or based solely on written submissions, which election shall be binding on you and Daapia Empire subject to the arbitrator’s discretion to require an in-person hearing, if the circumstances warrant. In cases where an in-person hearing is held, you and/or Daapia Empire may attend by telephone, unless the arbitrator requires otherwise.

The arbitrator will decide the substance of all claims in accordance with the laws of Ghana, including recognized principles of equity, and will honor all claims of privilege recognized by law. The arbitrator shall not be bound by rulings in prior arbitrations involving different users, but is bound by rulings in prior arbitrations involving the same daapia.com user to the extent required by applicable law. The arbitrator’s award shall be final and binding and judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

(iii) Costs of Arbitration

Payment of all filing, administration and arbitrator fees will be governed by the GAC’s rules, unless otherwise stated in this Agreement to Arbitrate. If the value of the relief sought is GH¢1,000 or less, at your request, Daapia Empire will pay all filing, administration, and arbitrator fees associated with the arbitration. Any request for payment of fees by Daapia Empire should be submitted by mail to the GAC along with your Demand for Arbitration and Daapia Empire will make arrangements to pay all necessary fees directly to the GAC. If the value of the relief sought is more than GH¢1,000 and you are able to demonstrate that the costs of accessing arbitration will be prohibitive as compared to the costs of accessing a court for purposes of pursuing litigation on an individual basis, Daapia Empire will pay as much of the filing, administration, and arbitrator fees as the arbitrator deems necessary to prevent the costs of accessing arbitration from being prohibitive. In the event the arbitrator determines the claim(s) you assert in the arbitration to be frivolous, you agree to reimburse Daapia Empire for all fees associated with the arbitration paid by Daapia Empire on your behalf that you otherwise would be obligated to pay under the GAC’s rules.

(iv) Severability

With the exception of any of the provisions in Section (i) of this Agreement to Arbitrate (“Prohibition of Class and Representative Actions and Non-Individualized Relief”), if an arbitrator or court decides that any part of this Agreement to Arbitrate is invalid or unenforceable, the other parts of this Agreement to Arbitrate shall still apply. If an arbitrator or court decides that any of the provisions in Section (i) of this Agreement to Arbitrate (“Prohibition of Class and Representative Actions and Non-Individualized Relief”) is invalid or unenforceable, then the entirety of this Agreement to Arbitrate shall be null and void. The remainder of the Agreement and its Legal Disputes Section will continue to apply.

(v) Opt-Out Procedure

If you are a new daapia.com user, you can choose to reject this agreement to arbitrate (“Opt-Out”) by mailing us a written Opt-Out Notice (“Opt-Out Notice”). The Opt-Out Notice must be postmarked no later than 30 days after the date you accept the terms of service for the first time. You must mail the Opt-Out Notice to Daapia Empire, HNO. 196 BLK. C, Napogbakole Ext. Residential Area, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana.

The completed Opt-Out Notice form must include your name, address (including street address, city, state and zip code), and the user ID(s) and email address(es) associated with the daapia.com account(s) to which the Opt-Out applies. You must sign the Opt-Out Notice for it to be effective. This procedure is the only way you can opt out of the Agreement to Arbitrate. If you opt out of the Agreement to Arbitrate, all other parts of the Agreement and its Legal Disputes Section will continue to apply to you. Opting out of this Agreement to Arbitrate has no effect on any previous, other, or future arbitration agreements that you may have with us.

(vi) Future Amendments to the Agreement to Arbitrate

Notwithstanding any provision in the Terms of Service to the contrary, you and we agree that if we make any amendment to this Agreement to Arbitrate (other than an amendment to any notice address or site link provided herein) in the future, that amendment shall not apply to any claim that was filed in a legal proceeding against Daapia Empire prior to the effective date of the amendment. The amendment shall apply to all other disputes or claims governed by the Agreement to Arbitrate that have arisen or may arise between you and Daapia Empire. We will notify you of amendments to this Agreement to Arbitrate by posting the amended terms on www.daapia.com at least 30 days before the effective date of the amendments and by providing notice through daapia.com notifications and/or by email. If you do not agree to these amended terms, you may close your account within the 30-day period and you will not be bound by the amended terms.

(c) Judicial Forum for Legal Disputes

Unless you and we agree otherwise, in the event that the Agreement to Arbitrate above is found not to apply to you or to a particular claim or dispute, either as a result of your decision to opt out of the Agreement to Arbitrate or as a result of a decision by the arbitrator or a court order, you agree that any claim or dispute that has arisen or may arise between you and Daapia Empire must be resolved exclusively by a court located in Ghana. You and Daapia Empire agree to submit to the personal jurisdiction of the courts located within Ghana for the purpose of litigating all such claims or disputes.

17. General

Daapia Empire is located in Wa, the capital town of the Upper West region of Ghana, West Africa, at H/NO. 196 BLK. C, in the Napogbakole Ext. Residential Area.

Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, if any provision of this Terms of Service is held to be invalid, void or for any reason unenforceable, such provision shall be struck out and shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions.  In our sole discretion, we may assign this Terms of Service, by providing notice of such assignment through daapia.com notifications and/or by email.

Headings are for reference purposes only and do not limit the scope or extent of such Section. Our failure to act with respect to a breach by you or others does not waive our right to act with respect to subsequent or similar breaches. We do not guarantee we will take action against all breaches of this Terms of Service.

We may amend this Terms of Service at any time by posting the amended terms on www.daapia.com. Our right to amend the Terms of Service includes the right to modify, add to, or remove terms in the Terms of Service. We will provide you 30 days notice by posting the amended terms. Additionally, we will notify you through daapia.com notifications and/or by email. Your continued access or use of our Services constitutes your acceptance of the amended terms. We may also ask you to acknowledge your acceptance of the Terms of Service through an electronic click-through. This Terms of Service may not otherwise be amended except through mutual agreement by you and a Daapia Empire representative who intends to amend this Terms of Service and is duly authorized to agree to such an amendment.

The policies posted on our sites may be changed from time to time. Changes take effect when we post them on the daapia.com site.

No agency, partnership, joint venture, employee-employer or franchiser-franchisee relationship is intended or created by this Terms of Service.

The Terms of Service, the Privacy Policy, and all polices set forth the entire understanding and agreement between you and Daapia Empire and supersede all prior understandings and agreements of the parties.

The following Sections survive any termination of this Terms of Service: Fees, Content, Disclaimer of Warranties; Limitation of Liability; Indemnity, and Legal Disputes.